Book or filing device.



B. WEBSTER. BooK on FIUNG DEVICE. APPLICATION FILED IAN.29, 1910.

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RKUYORD WEBSTER 'JA/VENTOR.

ffy WLMI/wm ATTORNEYS,

1V T /VE SSES B. WEBSTER.

BOOK 0R FILIN-G DEVICE. APPLICATION FILED 1AN.29, 1910.

1,168,447. -Pa-1en1ed 111111111916.

SHEETS-SHEET 2.

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BRADFORD WEBSTER, OF LOUISVILLE, KENTUCKY, SSIGNOR TOWEBSTER LOOSE- LEAF FILING COMPANY, A

CORPORATION 0F KENTUCKY.-

Boon on ritme 'envien Moenia.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Jan. 18, 19616.

Application led January 29, 1910. Serial No. 540,930.

devices, in which leaves' are bound on postsv or guides; and the object of my invention is to provide a simpler, more durable, and more efficient structure. A

A'Ihe'invention consists of novel features and parts and combinations ofY the same, which will be more fully described hereinafter and then point/ed out in the claims.

A practical embodiment of the invention l is represented in the accompanying drawtiti ings which are part hereoi1 and Ain which similar numerals of reference indicate the Corresponding parts 1n all the View s.

Figure 1 is. aperspective view of thel cover and leaf-retaining portion of the book; Fig. 2 a rear elevation of the'book with the back cover removed; Figs. 3 and 4 detail sectional views; Fig. 5, a plan of the locking slide; Fig. 6, a detail view showing the combination between a retaining 'member and. a leaf; Fig. 7, a plan of a. leaf; Fig/8, a perspectiveJ view of the pamphlet attachment; Fig. 9, a perspective `view of the spring-binding attachment; and Fig. 10 a perspective view of a filling strip.

The book consists of two binding parts, swingingly connected at the rear edges'ol their bases to a connecting element in the 'back and -to top and bottom covers; of loosely attachable sheets; of loosely attachable iilling elements; and of loosely attachable spring-binding elements. One binding part consists of a stili base 1Q, having set therein the lockable pins or posts 3- and 4 and being recessed to admit the members 1 and 2. These retaining members 3 and 4 are preferably `circular in cross-section, circularly curved so that their axes form quarter circumferences lengthwise, and provided' with approximately hemispherical free ends and transverse holes near thereto for admitting the penetrating portions of the locking slide. l,g'llhe other binding' part comprises a locking slide 5, a casing 13 therefor, elements 9 for supporting firmly the bars of the casing, and posts'l' and 2. The casing 13 is preferably composed of ,a single piece or plate bent around'in the form of two iat bars with a curved' connection on thel rear edge. These bars support the casing on top and bottom, are held firmly apart by the elements 9, preferably cylindrical, and are firmly connected by the retaining members 1 and 2 which preferably penetrate said cylindrical elements 9. By penetrating the Cylindrical elements 9, the retaining members l and 2 are given a very 'stid' and solid setting foundation .through the entire thickness of thecasing 13. The curving of the' rear portion of the easing 13 especially adapts it as a hinge for the double hinge action lwhen the book is opened for the removal of leaves.

The locking slide 5 isslotted to lreceive the velement 9 and the post 2, thereby slidabiy holding itself in position. At the inner end of theslide are free projections adapted to hold this end of the slide-slidably in posi` ltion with the assistance of theelement. 9 and, the post l. By those two sliding engage ments the slide 5 is held against anylateral movement. This enables the casing 13 to bev of any width and makes it unnecessary to support the slide 5 thereby on either side. The projecting piece 16 is laterally resilient and has a knob for encountering the element 9 around the post 1 as the slide is pulled out. The necessity o-overcoming this resilient' engagement in pulling out the slide makes it impossible for it to jar loose. The slide is further provided with inside openings for admitting and containing the lockable posts 3 and 4, in which openings are set the penetrating pieces 14 and 15, preferably cylindrical and pointed, for penetrating the transverse holes in posts 3 and 4 and Alocking the book. To give the properspring tension and to make the structure simpler, the same'inside edge extends around the retaining members 3 and 1.

rThe outer bar or" casing 13 1s provided with holes 18, reeraloly circular, adapted to admit the en s of the retaining members 3 and 4, to pocket and engage them as shown in Fig. 4, and to hold them in exact position laterally and longitudinally to admit the penetrating. elements Y 14 and 15 through their transverse holes. The inner bar oi the casing V13 has an opening 17, preferably elliptical, for admitting the post 4 diagonally and a similar opening for post 3. These openings 17 have their minor axes but slightly larger than the diameter of the posts 3 and 4, so that the bar will' support the penetrating pieces 14 and 15 immedi` ately after'they have penetrated the posts 3 and 4. y

The posts 1 and 2 are similar in shape to posts 3v and 4,. but preferably smaller in cross-section. llhe smaller the cross-section the less friction there is when the posts l and 2 pass through the leaves, and the better'l the operation in opening and closing the binder for removing leaves. rlhe approximately hemispherical free ends are espedoubled portions are then fastened securely to the inside edges of the covers respectively. rlhis makes it impossible to tear the outer rear edges of the boards 6 away from cover` 7.

fi single piece of A- flexible material 7 is used to Icover the boards 6 and to connect the two parts. 'lo enable the curved posts 1 and 2, and 3' and i to swing into and out of the leaves readily, their axes must remain approximately in the same cylindrical surface. To accomplish this the portion of the cover 7 between the bases 10 and 13 must ordinarily be wider than the chord of the quarter `circle on which the posts are curved, which is lthe thickness of the book inside the covers. Tomake this extra width small, the` bases of the posts 1, 2, 3, and 4, may be set such a distance-from the back edges of the baseslO and l13 that when the free ends of the four posts are in a line, the distance between a line run through the bases of the posts y1 and 2 and a line run through the bases ofy the' posts 3 andi. 4 will. approximately equal the diameter of thecircleon whose circumference the posts are' curved.

ATo accomplish this result, the distance` of the posts from the back edges of their respective bases should be approximately seventwenty` fourths of the thickness of the book, making the extra width in theback cover approxi` mately nine-one-hundredths of the thickness 'r of the book. From this it is evident that with books'less than two inches thick, the

extra width of the back cover would be scarcely noticeable with 'this arrangement. In caseof thick books, fto avoidA too` much metal 'in the bases`,the extra width in the back may be increased to two-tenths the books thickness, in which case' the distance Lieder? from the bases of the posts to the swinging vedgesneed only be one-sixth the thickness 1 of the book.

By making the holes 19, 20, 21, and 22 in the leaves 26 elliptical, with their minor axes approximately the diameter of the inside edges, and the passage of the posts through the leaves when the binder is opened is made easier. rlhe ratio just stated between the major and minor axes of these holes is based upon the pins being curved on .a quarter circumference` and being set with the tangente at an .angle of 45 with the bases.

, To provide acompact and4 simple means for spring binding, the strip 11 is used, preferably of wood, provided with holes for admitting the leaf-retaining members of the binderandy with a plurality of pieces 25, of resilient material, like soft rubber, of even thickness. TQ cooperate with this springbinding strip l employ the filling strip 12.

rop ailing and binding in law books .and

the like, l employ the dummy booklet 24, ,composed of a plurality of leaves fastened together on one edge and provided with holes to admit the leaf-retaining members of the binder. rhis dummy booklet may have 'a strip 23 of resilient material for its binding edge.

l dono-t limit myself to the exact form in which any of the parts of my invention are herein disclosed further than is indicated in the claims which follow:

l. A file, comprising leaves andaretaining member; said retaining member passing through some of' said leaves obliquely; -said leaves. being provided with openings adapte'd to hold them to said retaining-member against lateral movement whether said re-y taining member passes through them obliquely or perpendicularly.

2. A file, comprising leaves anda retain- -ing member; said retaining member being vapproximately circular in cross-section; and ,said leaves being provided with openings, whose contour is an ellipse Whose minor axis approximates the diameter of the'minimum 'cross-section. of said retaining member.

` 3. A file, member, and a base therefor; said retaining member being curved lengthwise and .approximately circular in its minimum cross-section; and vided withopenings whose contour is an ellipsewhose lminor axis approximates the 'diameter osaid minimum cross-section and whose maior axis approximates the major comprising leaves, a retainingi v A said' leaves' belng 4proinsana? axis of the maximum section of said retaining member parallel to said base.

4. Leaves, two binding parts therefor, and back cover means for swinginglyconnecting said binding parts; one of said binding parts having positively ixed therein a perforated retaining member which is curved lengthwise; and the other having positively fixed therein a retaining member curved lengthwise and having a locking mechanism lzdapted to penetrate said perforated mem- 5. Leaves, two binding parts therefor, and back cover means for swingingly connecting the rear edges thereof'adapted to allow said edges to move toward and away from each other; one of lsaid binding parts having positively' fixed therein a perforated retaining member, and the other having positively fixed therein a retaining member and having a locking mechanism adapted to penetrate said perforated member.

6. Leaves, two binding partstherefor, and back cover means for swingingly connecting the rear edges thereof andy adapted to allow said edges to move toward and away from each other; o-ne of said'binding parts having a perforated retaining member, and the other having a retaining member and a locking bar adapted both to admit and to penetrate said perforated retaining member.

7.Leaves, a back, and two binding parts connected by said back and hinged thereto; one of said binding parts having one or more curved lockable leaf-retainingmembers provided with approximately hemispherical ends and being perforated near thereto; and the other havingicurved leafretaining members provided with approximately' hemispherical ends and means for penetrating saidlockable member or members of the other part.

8. A spring-bound book, having leaves, a looselyattachable spring-binding strlp, and

ymeans for holding said elements in alinement under pressure; said strip having blocks of resilient material attached thereto.

9. In a filing device, a loosely attachable spring-binding strip, adapted to admit retaining members and provided with blocks of resilient material attached thereto beside said openings.

10. A spring-binding strip, comprising a bar provided with holes and blocks of soft rubber attached thereto.

11. A filing device comprising two binding parts; one of said parts comprising a base and one or more curved lockable leafretaining members set therein, and the other comprising a base U-shaped in cross-section with'the closed side toward the rear, locking mechanism therein, and one or more curved retaining members set therein; and a back cover connecting said bases and hinged to the rear edgesof each.

12. Afiling device comprising a lockable leaf-retaining member, a locking mechanism, supporting elements on opposite sides therepf, a member holding said supporting elements positively apart, and leaf-retaining means for connecting and positioning said supporting elements.

I3. A tiling device comprising a lockable leaf-retaining member, a bar, a member associated therewith, and a locking slide slidably positioned by said member and adapted to grip it resiliently whereby the slide is held at either end of its travel.

14. A filing device comprising a bar, a member associated therewith, a locking slide associated with said bar, adapted to guide itself on said member, and adapted to engage it resiliently to prevent free movement, and a llockable leaf-retaining member.

15. A filing device comprising a bar, a plurality of members associated therewith, a locking slide slidably positioned by said lmembers and adapted to engage one of them resiliently to prevent free movement, and a lockable -leaf-retaining member.

16. A filing device comprising a lockable leaf-retaining member, a locking slide, supporting elements on opposite sides thereof, and a member connecting said supporting elements; said slide being adapted to engage said connecting member resiliently.

17. A filing device comprising a` lockable leaf-retaining member, a locking mechanism therefor, and supporting elements on opposite sides thereof; one of said supporting elements being adaptedto admit said member freely and the other being adapted to pocket the end of said member and to hold it in exact position laterally and longitudinally for said locking mechanism.

18. A filing device comprising a perforated leaf-retaining member, a penetrating llocking mechanism therefor, and supporting elements on opposite sides thereof; one of said supporting elements being adapted to admit said member freely and the other being adapted to pocket the end thereof and hold it in exact position for penetration.

19. A filing device comprising a curved lockable leaf-retaining member, a locking mechanism therefor, and supporting elements on opposite sides thereof; one of said supporting elements being adapted to admit said member diagonally and the other being provided with a hole adapted to admit the end of said lockable retaining member to the locking position and there hold it against lateral movement.

2f). A filing device comprising two bind-` ing parts and a member swingingly connected to each of them and adapted to allow them to move toward and away from each other; one of said parts comprising a base and a plurality of curved lockable leafretaining members; the other comprising a Vrated lockable leaf-retaining member, a

locking slide therefor, supporting elements on opposite sides thereof, and a member connecting said supporting elements Within said locking slide; said slide having an opening adapted to admit said perforated retaining member freely and to hold itself slidably associated with said connecting member and v provided With a fingeradapted topenetrate said perforated retaining member.

22. A filing device, comprising a stiffl base, a stiff cover, a Wrapper ieXibly connecting said stiff base to said cover, and an `outside cover also flexibly connecting said base and said stiff cover; said Wrapper being united with itself at the edge of said base next to said stifll cover and toward the outside.. of the book and extending diagonally to the inner'rear edge of said stiff cover; said outside flexible'V cover directly connecting the outside adjacent edges of said stili" base and said stiE cover.

23. A filing device, comprising a stiff base, a stiff cover, a Wrapper flexibly connecting said stiff base to said cover, and an outside cover also flexibly connecting said base and said stiff cover; said Wrapper being united with itself at the edge of said base next to said stiff cover and toward the outside of the book and extending doubled directly tothe inner rear edge of said stiff cover; said outside flexible cover directly connecting the outside adjacent edges of said still'l base and said sti cover.

24. In a filing device, a pair of bases, a pair of cover boards, leaf-retaining members in each of said bases, and a continuous flexible cover connecting said boards respectively to said bases and said bases to each other; said connections between said bases and said covers being doubly reinforced.

25. In a filing device, a. pair of bases, a pair of cover boards, leaf-retaining means vassociated With said bases, and a continuous flexible cover connecting said boards respectively to said bases and said bases to each other; said connections between said bases and said covers being doubly and quadruply f reinforced. l

BRADFORD WEBSTER. lVitnesses: i

JACOB S. LUscHER, -KATHERINE ARNETT. 

